# Kids in the monitoring zone: What to do next

## Know your options for when ASQ-3™ scores land in the gray area

ASQ-3 results aren’t always black or white. Sometimes they’re a shade of gray, which means on the ASQ-3 scoring sheet they fall into the monitoring zone.

If a child is developing typically in a particular area, her score will be above the cutoff. Scores below the cutoff require further assessment. The monitoring zone, which was added to the third edition of ASQ-3 when it was published in 2009, represents a range of scores that aren’t below the cutoff—but aren’t above it either. To be exact, this zone includes scores that are between 1 and 2 standard deviations below children’s mean performance in each developmental area.

Before considering your options, talk to the parents. Is it possible that the child has not had enough opportunity to try a skill (such as when the child hasn’t been allowed to use scissors)?

Having a child score in the gray area can prompt programs and parents to wonder, what do we do next?

## View this as an opportunity

1. **SCORE AND TRANSFER TOTALS TO CHART BELOW**: See ASQ-3 User's Guide for details, including how to adjust scores if item responses are missing. Score each item (YES = 10, SOMETIMES = 5, NOT YET = 0). Add item scores, and record each area total. In the chart below, transfer the total scores, and fill in the circles corresponding with the total scores.

The gray area on the ASQ-3 scoring sheet represents the monitoring zone—scores that are above, but close to, the cutoff lands in the monitoring zone, it’s a sign that he or she could benefit from some targeted intervention. Being able to focus early on why a score is so close to the cutoff and what can be done about it is part of why ASQ is such an effective developmental screening tool. By helping programs and parents get ahead of a problem, kids will be better prepared for what’s ahead.

### Key Considerations

- Did the child’s health negatively affect the score?
- Is it possible that this child has not had enough opportunity to try the skill (e.g., no stairs at home, child isn’t allowed to use scissors)?
- Are cultural factors at play (e.g., family doesn’t use certain items, such as mirrors)?
- Do the parents have concerns about the area in question, or any other areas?

## Know your options

Now that you’ve spoken to the family and can view the child’s questionnaire results in context, you’ll be better prepared to choose your next steps. Here are some of the options you may consider:

- **Rescreen sooner** than you normally would. A child with a score in the monitoring zone should receive a follow-up screening. You may choose to schedule this sooner than you’d do with a child who is developing typically—perhaps in 2 to 3 months.
- **Provide the family with activities** they can do at home. Help families work on a specific developmental area by giving them ideas for how to practice certain skills. You can find ideas in the back of the ASQ-3 User’s Guide or in the ASQ-3 Learning Activities, which categorizes activities by domain.
- **Work on skills at school.** Child care professionals and educators can incorporate additional activities into the child’s school day if possible. For example, one child care center had several children who scored in the monitoring zone for fine motor, so they did art projects that targeted fine motor skills and added appropriate toys, such as large beads and string, to the play area.

To read more about the monitoring zone, see chapter 5 of the ASQ-3 User’s Guide.

### Learning activities

Learning activities help parents take an active role in their child’s development. See some sample activities families can do at home.

- **Refer for further assessment.** Rather than waiting to gauge progress by rescreening in a few months, you may determine that it’s best to go ahead and refer the child now for further assessment. This may be the best next step if a parent or child care provider has concerns about the child’s skill, or if the child has scored in the monitoring zone for the same area on more than one questionnaire. For example, if a child between the ages of 15 to 30 months scores in the monitoring zone or below the cutoff for the communication domain, he or she could be referred to a pediatrician for MCHAT-R assessment.